Distillation Apparatus is a laboratory glassware used for separating components of a mixture based on differences in their boiling points. The apparatus typically consists of a round-bottomed flask, a condenser, and a collection flask. The round-bottomed flask is filled with the mixture and heated, causing the components with lower boiling points to vaporize. The vapor then passes through the condenser, which cools it and causes it to condense back into a liquid. The condensed liquid then drips into the collection flask.
There are different types of distillation apparatus, such as simple distillation, fractional distillation, and steam distillation. Simple distillation is used to separate two components with a large difference in boiling points, while fractional distillation is used to separate two components with smaller differences in boiling points. Steam distillation is used to isolate volatile compounds, such as essential oils.
Distillation apparatus is commonly used in chemistry and biochemistry research to isolate and purify compounds from mixtures. It is also used in the production of various industrial and consumer products, such as gasoline, solvents, and perfumes