Biocides are a type of treatment chemical used in various industries to kill or control the growth of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, algae, and viruses. In the water and wastewater treatment industry, biocides are commonly used to control the growth of bacteria and other microorganisms in the treatment process.
Biocides are used in various treatment applications, including cooling towers, boilers, and water and wastewater treatment plants. Biocides are typically added to the water or fluid being treated to kill or control the growth of microorganisms. Some biocides are designed to kill microorganisms instantly, while others are designed to prevent their growth over time.
There are various types of biocides available on the market, including oxidizing biocides, non-oxidizing biocides, and quaternary ammonium compounds. Oxidizing biocides, such as chlorine and ozone, work by oxidizing the cell walls of microorganisms and disrupting their metabolism. Non-oxidizing biocides, such as isothiazolinone and glutaraldehyde, work by disrupting the cell membranes of microorganisms. Quaternary ammonium compounds work by disrupting the cell membranes and disrupting the metabolism of microorganisms.
The selection of a biocide depends on the specific application and the type of microorganisms present in the water or fluid being treated. It is essential to follow the manufacturer's instructions when using biocides to ensure effective treatment and prevent adverse effects on the environment or human health.