Ultrafiltration (UF) is a water treatment technology that uses a membrane to remove suspended solids, bacteria, and viruses from water. UF membranes have a pore size of 0.1-0.01 microns, which is smaller than the pores of microfiltration membranes but larger than those of reverse osmosis membranes. This makes UF an effective pre-treatment for RO systems, as well as a standalone treatment option for water sources with lower levels of contaminants.
UF works by forcing water through a semi-permeable membrane that blocks particles and microorganisms larger than the membrane's pore size. The treated water, or permeate, passes through the membrane and is collected, while the concentrated wastewater, or retentate, is discharged.
UF is a popular water treatment technology due to its effectiveness, low energy requirements, and relatively low cost compared to other treatment options. It is used in a variety of applications, including drinking water treatment, industrial water treatment, and wastewater treatment.
UF systems can be designed as standalone units or integrated into larger water treatment plants. They require minimal chemicals for operation and maintenance, making them a more environmentally friendly option than other treatment technologies.